The Coton de Tulear (pronounced “ko-TAWN day TOO-lay-ahr”) is the national dog of Madagascar, named after the port city of Tuléar on the island’s southwest coast. This charming toy breed descended from small white dogs brought by French sailors or traders, possibly including the Bichon Frisé or Maltese, which adapted to island life and developed into a distinct breed.
Legend says some of their ancestors swam ashore from shipwrecks, eventually becoming the cherished pets of Malagasy royalty and nobles. The breed remained largely unknown outside Madagascar until the 1970s, when it was introduced to Europe and the United States. The American Kennel Club (AKC) officially recognized the Coton de Tulear in 2014, classifying it in the Non-Sporting Group.
Although still relatively rare compared to more mainstream companion breeds, the Coton de Tulear is steadily growing in popularity due to its affectionate personality, low-shedding coat, and joyful energy. It is particularly popular among city dwellers, retirees, and allergy-sensitive households looking for a small, loyal dog with minimal shedding.
The Coton de Tulear is a small, sturdy toy dog with a distinctive cotton-like coat and an endlessly cheerful expression.
• Coat: Dense, soft, fluffy, and dry to the touch—not silky like a Maltese.
• Color:
o Primarily white, with occasional gray, tan, or lemon patches, especially on the ears.
o Puppies may be born with darker markings that fade over time.
• Size:
o Height: 9–11 inches (23–28 cm)
o Weight: 8–15 lbs (3.5–7 kg)
• Head & Expression: Rounded skull, bright round eyes, and a smiling, inquisitive expression.
• Ears: Medium, drop ears covered in long, wispy hair.
• Tail: Plumed and carried curled over the back or low when relaxed.
• Body: Compact and well-proportioned with a springy, light-footed gait.
The Coton is adored for its joyful, clownish personality and strong desire to bond with its people.
• Affectionate and Loyal: Loves to cuddle, follow its humans, and be involved in all household activities.
• Playful and Fun-Loving: Retains a puppy-like enthusiasm throughout life.
• Smart and Trainable: Learns quickly and enjoys basic obedience, tricks, and interactive games.
• Quiet but Alert: Typically not overly vocal, though will alert to unusual noises.
• Good with Children and Pets: Gentle, tolerant, and a great fit for families or multi-pet homes.
If you're looking for a low-shedding, friendly, and easygoing companion, the Coton delivers joy in a small, fluffy package.
• Ideal for Apartment Living: Small, adaptable, and not overly vocal.
• Hypoallergenic Qualities: Coat sheds very little, making it suitable for allergy-prone homes.
• Great for First-Time Owners: Easy to train and eager to please.
• Portable and Compact: Easy to travel with, whether by plane or purse.
• Charming and Social: Gets along with nearly everyone and thrives on human attention.
While relatively easy to live with, the Coton requires regular grooming and consistent companionship.
• Training:
o Very responsive to gentle, positive methods.
o Enjoys short training sessions and interactive play.
• Exercise:
o Needs moderate daily activity, such as short walks, play sessions, or indoor games.
o Agile and fun in agility or trick training.
• Grooming:
o Brush at least 3–4 times a week to prevent matting.
o Some owners opt to keep the coat trimmed short for easier upkeep.
o Occasional baths and regular eye/ear cleaning are recommended.
• Nutrition:
o Feed a high-quality, small-breed formula, adjusted to activity level.
• Companionship:
o Craves human interaction—not suited to being left alone for long periods.
The Coton de Tulear is generally a hardy and healthy breed, with a lifespan of 14–17 years. However, some health concerns include:
• Luxating Patella (knee issues)
• Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA)
• Hip Dysplasia (rare in small breeds but possible)
• Allergies or skin sensitivities
• Ear infections (due to floppy ears and hair inside the canal)
Routine veterinary care, good grooming, and a balanced diet contribute to a long, healthy life.
Compared to the Maltese, the Coton has a denser, cottony coat and a less delicate build. Unlike the Shih Tzu, it is more agile and athletic, and typically requires less intensive grooming. Compared to the Bichon Frisé, it is quieter and more reserved with strangers, but still playful and affectionate with family.
Its rare origin and signature “smile” set it apart from any other toy breed.
The Coton de Tulear is perfect for those seeking a loving, entertaining, and low-shedding pet. It’s an ideal choice for families, singles, seniors, or apartment dwellers—anyone looking for a happy, huggable, and easygoing best friend.
However, if you're away from home frequently or looking for a completely hands-off dog, the Coton’s need for companionship may not be the best fit.
United Pet Club is your go-to resource for all things Coton de Tulear. From connecting with trusted breeders or adoption services to offering tips on care, training, and grooming, we’re here to help.
Explore our platform to learn more about this cheerful little cloud of a dog, and get ready to welcome a charming new companion into your life.